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| leader_title2 = Vice-President | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = Speaker of Parliament | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = Chief Justice | leader_name4 = Valesius Thomas (acting)() | legislature = Parliament | area_rank = 119th | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 71,740 | area_sq_mi = 27,699 | percent_water = 1.1 | population_estimate = 6,190,280〔(Official projection (medium variant) for the year 2013 based on the population and housing census held in Sierra Leone on 4 December 2004 ). statistics.sl. page 13.〕 | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_census = | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 79.4 | population_density_sq_mi = 205.6 | population_density_rank = 114tha | GDP_PPP = $8.276 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sierra Leone )〕 | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_year = 2012 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $1,344〔 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = $3.777 billion〔 | GDP_nominal_year = 2012 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $613〔 | sovereignty_type = Independence | established_event1 = from the United Kingdom | established_date1 = 27 April 1961 | established_event2 = Republic declared | established_date2 = 19 April 1971 | Gini_year = 2011 | Gini_change = | Gini = 35.4 | Gini_ref =〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gini Index )〕 | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = increase | HDI = 0.374 |HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = 183rd | FSI = | FSI_year = 2007 | FSI_rank = 23rd | FSI_category = Alert | currency = Leone | currency_code = SLL | country_code = | time_zone = GMT | utc_offset = +0 | time_zone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | drives_on = rightb | calling_code = +232 | cctld = .sl | footnote_a = Rank based on 2007 figures. | footnote_b = Since 1 March 1971. }} Sierra Leone (), officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea in the north-east, Liberia in the south-east, and the Atlantic Ocean in the south-west. Sierra Leone has a tropical climate, with a diverse environment ranging from savannah to rainforests. Sierra Leone has a total area of and an estimated population of 6 million (2011 United Nations estimate).〔(Sierra Leone profile ). Bbc.co.uk (8 December 2011). Retrieved on 15 August 2012.〕 Freetown is the capital, largest city, and its economic and political centre. Bo is the second largest city. The other major cities in the country with a population above 100,000 are Kenema, Makeni and Koidu Town. Sierra Leone is divided into four geographical regions: the Northern Province, Eastern Province, Southern Province and the Western Area, which are further divided into fourteen districts. About sixteen ethnic groups inhabit Sierra Leone, each with their own language and customs. The two largest and most influential are the Temne and the Mende people. The Temne are predominantly found in the north of the country, while the Mende are predominant in the south-east. Although English is the official language spoken at schools and government administration, the Krio language is the most widely spoken language in the country and unites all the different ethnic groups in the country, especially in their trade and social interaction with each other. Sierra Leone is a nominally Muslim country,〔(71% of Sierra Leoneans are Muslims « Oluseguntoday's Blog ). Oluseguntoday.wordpress.com (13 October 2009). Retrieved on 15 August 2012.〕〔(Islam In Sierra Leone: Information, Videos, Pictures and News ). Rtbot.net. Retrieved on 15 August 2012.〕〔("Sama Banya wants Awareness Times to call Tom Nyuma a Buffoon" ), News.sl (18 April 2012). Retrieved on 15 August 2012.〕 though with an influential Christian minority. Technically, religious affiliation is 60% Muslim, 30% indigenous beliefs, and 10% Christian. However, there is a high degree of synchronicity of the indigenous beliefs into the organised religions. Sierra Leone is regarded as one of the most religiously tolerant nations in the world. Muslims and Christians collaborate and interact with each other peacefully. Religious violence is very rare in the country. Sierra Leone has relied on mining, especially diamonds, for its economic base. It is also among the largest producers of titanium and bauxite, a major producer of gold, and has one of the world's largest deposits of rutile. Sierra Leone is home to the third-largest natural harbour in the world. Despite exploitation of this natural wealth, 70% of its people live in poverty. Sierra Leone became independent in 1961. Government corruption and mismanagement of the country's natural resources contributed to the Sierra Leone Civil War (1991 to 2002), which over more than a decade devastated the country. This proxy war left more than 50,000 people dead, much of the country's infrastructure destroyed, and over two million people displaced as refugees in neighbouring countries. More recently, the 2014 Ebola outbreak overburdened the weak healthcare infrastructure, leading to more deaths from medical neglect than Ebola itself. It created a humanitarian crisis situation and a negative spiral of weaker economic growth. The country has an extremely low life expectancy at 57.8 years.〔 Sierra Leone is a member of many international organisations, including the United Nations, the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Mano River Union, the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Development Bank, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. == History == (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sierra Leone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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